35 câu kệ
- 1
प्रकृतिं पुरुषं चैव क्षेत्रं क्षेत्रज्ञमेव च ।
एतद्वेदितुमिच्छामि ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं च केशव ॥
Bản nháp máyprakṛtiṃ puruṣaṃ caiva kṣetraṃ kṣetrajñameva ca |
etadveditumicchāmi jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ ca keśava ||
Arjuna said I wish to learn about Nature (matter) and the Spirit (soul), the field and the knower of the field, knowledge and that which ought to be known, O Kesava.
- 2
इदं शरीरं कौन्तेय क्षेत्रमित्यभिधीयते ।
एतद्यो वेत्ति तं प्राहुः क्षेत्रज्ञ इति तद्विदः ॥
Bản nháp máyidaṃ śarīraṃ kaunteya kṣetramityabhidhīyate |
etadyo vetti taṃ prāhuḥ kṣetrajña iti tadvidaḥ ||
The Blessed Lord said This body, O Arjuna, is called the field; he who knows it is called the knower of the field, by those who know of them.
- 3
क्षेत्रज्ञं चापि मां विद्धि सर्वक्षेत्रेषु भारत ।
क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञयोर्ज्ञानं यत्तज्ज्ञानं मतं मम ॥
Bản nháp máykṣetrajñaṃ cāpi māṃ viddhi sarvakṣetreṣu bhārata |
kṣetrakṣetrajñayorjñānaṃ yattajjñānaṃ mataṃ mama ||
Do thou also know Me as the knower of the field in all fields, O Arjuna. Knowledge of both the field and the knower of the field is considered by Me to be ï1the ï1 knowledge.
- 4
तत्क्षेत्रं यच्च यादृक्च यद्विकारि यतश्च यत् ।
स च यो यत्प्रभावश्च तत्समासेन मे शृणु ॥
Bản nháp máytatkṣetraṃ yacca yādṛkca yadvikāri yataśca yat |
sa ca yo yatprabhāvaśca tatsamāsena me śaṛṇu ||
What the field is and of what nature, what are its modifications and whence it is and also who He is and what His powers are hear all that from Me in brief.
- 5
ऋषिभिर्बहुधा गीतं छन्दोभिर्विविधैः पृथक् ।
ब्रह्मसूत्रपदैश्चैव हेतुमद्भिर्विनिश्चितैः ॥
Bản nháp máyṛṣibhirbahudhā gītaṃ chandobhirvividhaiḥ pṛthak |
brahmasūtrapadaiścaiva hetumadbhirviniścitaiḥ ||
Sages have sung in many ways, in various distinctive chants and also in the suggestive words indicative of the Absolute, full of reasoning and decisive.
- 6
महाभूतान्यहङ्कारो बुद्धिरव्यक्तमेव च ।
इन्द्रियाणि दशैकं च पञ्च चेन्द्रियगोचराः ॥
Bản nháp máymahābhūtānyahaṅkāro buddhiravyaktameva ca |
indriyāṇi daśaikaṃ ca pañca cendriyagocarāḥ ||
The great elements, egoism, intellect, and also the Unmanifested Nature, the ten senses and one (mind), and the five objects of the senses.
- 7
इच्छा द्वेषः सुखं दुःखं सङ्घातश्चेतना धृतिः ।
एतत्क्षेत्रं समासेन सविकारमुदाहृतम् ॥
Bản nháp máyicchā dveṣaḥ sukhaṃ duḥkhaṃ saṅghātaścetanā dhṛtiḥ |
etatkṣetraṃ samāsena savikāramudāhṛtam ||
Desire, hatred, pleasure, pain, the aggregate (the body), intelligence, fortitude the field has thus been briefly described with its modifications.
- 8
अमानित्वमदम्भित्वमहिंसा क्षान्तिरार्जवम् ।
आचार्योपासनं शौचं स्थैर्यमात्मविनिग्रहः ॥
Bản nháp máyamānitvamadambhitvamahiṃsā kṣāntirārjavam |
ācāryopāsanaṃ śaucaṃ sthairyamātmavinigrahaḥ ||
Humility, unpretentiousness, non-injury, forgiveness, uprightness, service of the teacher, purity, steadfastness, self-control.
- 9
इन्द्रियार्थेषु वैराग्यमनहङ्कार एव च ।
जन्ममृत्युजराव्याधिदुःखदोषानुदर्शनम् ॥
Bản nháp máyindriyārtheṣu vairāgyamanahaṅkāra eva ca |
janmamṛtyujarāvyādhiduḥkhadoṣānudarśanam ||
Indifference to the objects of the senses and also absence of egoism; perception of (or reflection on) the evil in birth, death, old age, sickness and pain.
- 10
असक्तिरनभिष्वङ्गः पुत्रदारगृहादिषु ।
नित्यं च समचित्तत्वमिष्टानिष्टोपपत्तिषु ॥
Bản nháp máyasaktiranabhiṣvaṅgaḥ putradāragṛhādiṣu |
nityaṃ ca samacittatvamiṣṭāniṣṭopapattiṣu ||
Non-attachment, non-identification of the Self with son, wife, home and the rest, and constant even-mindedness on the attainment of the desirable and the undesirable.
- 11
मयि चानन्ययोगेन भक्तिरव्यभिचारिणी ।
विविक्तदेशसेवित्वमरतिर्जनसंसदि ॥
Bản nháp máymayi cānanyayogena bhaktiravyabhicāriṇī |
viviktadeśasevitvamaratirjanasaṃsadi ||
Unswerving devotion unto Me by the Yoga of non-separation, resort to solitary places, distaste for the society of men.
- 12
अध्यात्मज्ञाननित्यत्वं तत्त्वज्ञानार्थदर्शनम् ।
एतज्ज्ञानमिति प्रोक्तमज्ञानं यदतोऽन्यथा ॥
Bản nháp máyadhyātmajñānanityatvaṃ tattvajñānārthadarśanam |
etajjñānamiti proktamajñānaṃ yadato'nyathā ||
Constancy in Self-knowledge, perception of the end of true knowledge this is declared to be knowledge, and what is opposed to it is ignorance.
- 13
ज्ञेयं यत्तत्प्रवक्ष्यामि यज्ज्ञात्वामृतमश्नुते ।
अनादिमत्परं ब्रह्म न सत्तन्नासदुच्यते ॥
Bản nháp máyjñeyaṃ yattatpravakṣyāmi yajjñātvāmṛtamaśnute |
anādimatparaṃ brahma na sattannāsaducyate ||
I will declare that which has to be known, knowing which one attains to immortality, the beginningless supreme Brahman, called neither being nor non-being.
- 14
सर्वतः पाणिपादं तत्सर्वतोऽक्षिशिरोमुखम् ।
सर्वतः श्रुतिमल्लोके सर्वमावृत्य तिष्ठति ॥
Bản nháp máysarvataḥ pāṇipādaṃ tatsarvato'kṣiśiromukham |
sarvataḥ śrutimalloke sarvamāvṛtya tiṣṭhati ||
With hands and feet everywhere, with eyes, heads and mouths everywhere, with ears everywhere, He exists in the worlds enveloping all.
- 15
सर्वेन्द्रियगुणाभासं सर्वेन्द्रियविवर्जितम् ।
असक्तं सर्वभृच्चैव निर्गुणं गुणभोक्तृ च ॥
Bản nháp máysarvendriyaguṇābhāsaṃ sarvendriyavivarjitam |
asaktaṃ sarvabhṛccaiva nirguṇaṃ guṇabhoktṛ ca ||
Shining by the functions of all the senses, yet without the senses; unattached, yet supporting all; devoid of alities, yet their experiencer.
- 16
बहिरन्तश्च भूतानामचरं चरमेव च ।
सूक्ष्मत्वात्तदविज्ञेयं दूरस्थं चान्तिके च तत् ॥
Bản nháp máybahirantaśca bhūtānāmacaraṃ carameva ca |
sūkṣmatvāttadavijñeyaṃ dūrasthaṃ cāntike ca tat ||
Without and within (all) beings the unmoving and also the moving; because of Its subtlety, unknowable; and near and far away is That.
- 17
अविभक्तं च भूतेषु विभक्तमिव च स्थितम् ।
भूतभर्तृ च तज्ज्ञेयं ग्रसिष्णु प्रभविष्णु च ॥
Bản nháp máyavibhaktaṃ ca bhūteṣu vibhaktamiva ca sthitam |
bhūtabhartṛ ca tajjñeyaṃ grasiṣṇu prabhaviṣṇu ca ||
And undivided, yet It exists as if divided in beings; It is to be known as the supporter of being; It devours and It generates.
- 18
ज्योतिषामपि तज्ज्योतिस्तमसः परमुच्यते ।
ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं ज्ञानगम्यं हृदि सर्वस्य विष्ठितम् ॥
Bản nháp máyjyotiṣāmapi tajjyotistamasaḥ paramucyate |
jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ jñānagamyaṃ hṛdi sarvasya viṣṭhitam ||
That, the Light of all lights, is said to be beyond darkness: knowledge, the knowable and the goal of knowledge, seated in the hearts of all.
- 19
इति क्षेत्रं तथा ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं चोक्तं समासतः ।
मद्भक्त एतद्विज्ञाय मद्भावायोपपद्यते ॥
Bản nháp máyiti kṣetraṃ tathā jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ coktaṃ samāsataḥ |
madbhakta etadvijñāya madbhāvāyopapadyate ||
Thus the field, as well as knowledge and the knowable have been briefly stated. My devotee, knowing this, enters into My Being.
- 20
प्रकृतिं पुरुषं चैव विद्ध्यनादी उभावपि ।
विकारांश्च गुणांश्चैव विद्धि प्रकृतिसम्भवान् ॥
Bản nháp máyprakṛtiṃ puruṣaṃ caiva viddhyanādī ubhāvapi |
vikārāṃśca guṇāṃścaiva viddhi prakṛtisambhavān ||
Know thou that Nature (matter) and the Spirit are both beginningless; and know also that all modifications and alities are born of Nature.
- 21
कार्यकारणकर्तृत्वे हेतुः प्रकृतिरुच्यते ।
पुरुषः सुखदुःखानां भोक्तृत्वे हेतुरुच्यते ॥
Bản nháp máykāryakāraṇakartṛtve hetuḥ prakṛtirucyate |
puruṣaḥ sukhaduḥkhānāṃ bhoktṛtve heturucyate ||
In the production of the effect and the cause, Nature (matter) is said to be the cause; in the experience of pleasure and pain, the soul is said to be the cause.
- 22
पुरुषः प्रकृतिस्थो हि भुङ्क्ते प्रकृतिजान्गुणान् ।
कारणं गुणसङ्गोऽस्य सदसद्योनिजन्मसु ॥
Bản nháp máypuruṣaḥ prakṛtistho hi bhuṅkte prakṛtijānguṇān |
kāraṇaṃ guṇasaṅgo'sya sadasadyonijanmasu ||
The soul seated in Nature experiences the alities born of Nature; attachment to the alities is the cause of its birth in good and evil wombs.
- 23
उपद्रष्टानुमन्ता च भर्ता भोक्ता महेश्वरः ।
परमात्मेति चाप्युक्तो देहेऽस्मिन्पुरुषः परः ॥
Bản nháp máyupadraṣṭānumantā ca bhartā bhoktā maheśvaraḥ |
paramātmeti cāpyukto dehe'sminpuruṣaḥ paraḥ ||
The Supreme Soul in this body is also called the spectator, the permitter, the supporter, the enjoyer, the great Lord and the Supreme Self.
- 24
य एवं वेत्ति पुरुषं प्रकृतिं च गुणैः सह ।
सर्वथा वर्तमानोऽपि न स भूयोऽभिजायते ॥
Bản nháp máyya evaṃ vetti puruṣaṃ prakṛtiṃ ca guṇaiḥ saha |
sarvathā vartamāno'pi na sa bhūyo'bhijāyate ||
He who thus knows the Spirit and Matter together with the alities, in whatever condition he may be, he is not born again.
- 25
ध्यानेनात्मनि पश्यन्ति केचिदात्मानमात्मना ।
अन्ये साङ्ख्येन योगेन कर्मयोगेन चापरे ॥
Bản nháp máydhyānenātmani paśyanti kecidātmānamātmanā |
anye sāṅkhyena yogena karmayogena cāpare ||
Some by meditation behold the Self in the self by the self, others by the Yoga of knowledge, and still others by the Yoga of action.
- 26
अन्ये त्वेवमजानन्तः श्रुत्वान्येभ्य उपासते ।
तेऽपि चातितरन्त्येव मृत्युं श्रुतिपरायणाः ॥
Bản nháp máyanye tvevamajānantaḥ śrutvānyebhya upāsate |
te'pi cātitarantyeva mṛtyuṃ śrutiparāyaṇāḥ ||
Others also, not knowing thus, worship, having heard of It from others; they, too, cross beyond death, regarding what they have heard as the Supreme refuge.
- 27
यावत्सञ्जायते किञ्चित्सत्त्वं स्थावरजङ्गमम् ।
क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञसंयोगात्तद्विद्धि भरतर्षभ ॥
Bản nháp máyyāvatsañjāyate kiñcitsattvaṃ sthāvarajaṅgamam |
kṣetrakṣetrajñasaṃyogāttadviddhi bharatarṣabha ||
Wherever a being is born, whether unmoving or moving, know thou, O best of the Bharatas (Arjuna), that it is from the union between the field and its knower.
- 28
समं सर्वेषु भूतेषु तिष्ठन्तं परमेश्वरम् ।
विनश्यत्स्वविनश्यन्तं यः पश्यति स पश्यति ॥
Bản nháp máysamaṃ sarveṣu bhūteṣu tiṣṭhantaṃ parameśvaram |
vinaśyatsvavinaśyantaṃ yaḥ paśyati sa paśyati ||
He sees, who sees the Supreme Lord, existing eally in all beings, the unperishing within the perishing.
- 29
समं पश्यन्हि सर्वत्र समवस्थितमीश्वरम् ।
न हिनस्त्यात्मनात्मानं ततो याति परां गतिम् ॥
Bản nháp máysamaṃ paśyanhi sarvatra samavasthitamīśvaram |
na hinastyātmanātmānaṃ tato yāti parāṃ gatim ||
Because he who sees the same Lord eally dwelling everywhere does not destroy the Self by the self; he goes to the highest goal.
- 30
प्रकृत्यैव च कर्माणि क्रियमाणानि सर्वशः ।
यः पश्यति तथात्मानमकर्तारं स पश्यति ॥
Bản nháp máyprakṛtyaiva ca karmāṇi kriyamāṇāni sarvaśaḥ |
yaḥ paśyati tathātmānamakartāraṃ sa paśyati ||
He sees, who sees that all actions are performed by Nature alone and that the Self is actionless.