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Adhyaya 1

अर्जुनविषादयोगः

Arjuna's Despondency

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  1. 1

    धर्मक्षेत्रे कुरुक्षेत्रे समवेता युयुत्सवः ।

    मामकाः पाण्डवाश्चैव किमकुर्वत सञ्जय ॥

    dharmakṣetre kurukṣetre samavetā yuyutsavaḥ |

    māmakāḥ pāṇḍavāścaiva kimakurvata sañjaya ||

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    Dhritarashtra said What did my people and the sons of Pandu do when they had assembled together eager for battle on the holy plain of Kurukshetra, O Sanjaya.

  2. 2

    दृष्ट्वा तु पाण्डवानीकं व्यूढं दुर्योधनस्तदा ।

    आचार्यमुपसङ्गम्य राजा वचनमब्रवीत् ॥

    dṛṣṭvā tu pāṇḍavānīkaṃ vyūḍhaṃ duryodhanastadā |

    ācāryamupasaṅgamya rājā vacanamabravīt ||

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    Sanjaya said Having seen the army of the Pandavas drawn up in battle-array, King Duryodhana then approached his teacher (Drona) and spoke these words.

  3. 3

    पश्यैतां पाण्डुपुत्राणामाचार्य महतीं चमूम् ।

    व्यूढां द्रुपदपुत्रेण तव शिष्येण धीमता ॥

    paśyaitāṃ pāṇḍuputrāṇāmācārya mahatīṃ camūm |

    vyūḍhāṃ drupadaputreṇa tava śiṣyeṇa dhīmatā ||

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    "Behold, O Teacher! this mighty army of the sons of Pandu, arrayed by the son of Drupada, thy wise disciple.

  4. 4

    अत्र शूरा महेष्वासा भीमार्जुनसमा युधि ।

    युयुधानो विराटश्च द्रुपदश्च महारथः ॥

    atra śūrā maheṣvāsā bhīmārjunasamā yudhi |

    yuyudhāno virāṭaśca drupadaśca mahārathaḥ ||

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    Here are heroes, mighty archers, eal in battle to Bhima and Arjuna, Yoyudhana (Satyaki), Virata and Drupada, of the great car (mighty warriors).

  5. 5

    धृष्टकेतुश्चेकितानः काशिराजश्च वीर्यवान् ।

    पुरुजित्कुन्तिभोजश्च शैब्यश्च नरपुङ्गवः ॥

    dhṛṣṭaketuścekitānaḥ kāśirājaśca vīryavān |

    purujitkuntibhojaśca śaibyaśca narapuṅgavaḥ ||

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    "Dhrishtaketu, chekitana and the valiant king of Kasi, Purujit and Kuntibhoja and Saibya, the best men.

  6. 6

    युधामन्युश्च विक्रान्त उत्तमौजाश्च वीर्यवान् ।

    सौभद्रो द्रौपदेयाश्च सर्व एव महारथाः ॥

    yudhāmanyuśca vikrānta uttamaujāśca vīryavān |

    saubhadro draupadeyāśca sarva eva mahārathāḥ ||

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    "The strong Yodhamanyu and the brave Uttamaujas, the son of Subhadra (Abhimanyu, the son of Subhadra and Arjuna), and the sons of Draupadi, all of great chariots (great heroes).

  7. 7

    अस्माकं तु विशिष्टा ये तान्निबोध द्विजोत्तम ।

    नायका मम सैन्यस्य संज्ञार्थं तान्ब्रवीमि ते ॥

    asmākaṃ tu viśiṣṭā ye tānnibodha dvijottama |

    nāyakā mama sainyasya saṃjñārthaṃ tānbravīmi te ||

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    "Know also, O best among the twice-born! the names of those who are the most distinguished amongst ourselves, the leaders of my army; these I name to thee for thy information.

  8. 8

    भवान्भीष्मश्च कर्णश्च कृपश्च समितिञ्जयः ।

    अश्वत्थामा विकर्णश्च सौमदत्तिस्तथैव च ॥

    bhavānbhīṣmaśca karṇaśca kṛpaśca samitiñjayaḥ |

    aśvatthāmā vikarṇaśca saumadattistathaiva ca ||

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    "Thyself and Bhishma, and Karna and also Kripa, the victorious in war, Asvatthama, Vikarna, and also Bhurisrava, the son of Somadatta.

  9. 9

    अन्ये च बहवः शूरा मदर्थे त्यक्तजीविताः ।

    नानाशस्त्रप्रहरणाः सर्वे युद्धविशारदाः ॥

    anye ca bahavaḥ śūrā madarthe tyaktajīvitāḥ |

    nānāśastrapraharaṇāḥ sarve yuddhaviśāradāḥ ||

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    "And also many other heroes who are ready to give up their lives for my sake, armed with various weapons and missiles, all well-skilled in battle.

  10. 10

    अपर्याप्तं तदस्माकं बलं भीष्माभिरक्षितम् ।

    पर्याप्तं त्विदमेतेषां बलं भीमाभिरक्षितम् ॥

    aparyāptaṃ tadasmākaṃ balaṃ bhīṣmābhirakṣitam |

    paryāptaṃ tvidameteṣāṃ balaṃ bhīmābhirakṣitam ||

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    "This army of ours marshalled by Bhishma is insufficient, whereas that army of theirs marshelled by Bhima is sufficient.

  11. 11

    अयनेषु च सर्वेषु यथाभागमवस्थिताः ।

    भीष्ममेवाभिरक्षन्तु भवन्तः सर्व एव हि ॥

    ayaneṣu ca sarveṣu yathābhāgamavasthitāḥ |

    bhīṣmamevābhirakṣantu bhavantaḥ sarva eva hi ||

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    "Therefore do ye all, stationed in your respective positions, in the several divisions of the army, protect Bhishma alone."

  12. 12

    तस्य सञ्जनयन्हर्षं कुरुवृद्धः पितामहः ।

    सिंहनादं विनद्योच्चैः शङ्खं दध्मौ प्रतापवान् ॥

    tasya sañjanayanharṣaṃ kuruvṛddhaḥ pitāmahaḥ |

    siṃhanādaṃ vinadyoccaiḥ śaṅkhaṃ dadhmau pratāpavān ||

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    His glorious grandsire (Bhishma), the oldest of the Kauravas, in order to cheer Duryodhana, now roared like a lion, and blew his conch.

  13. 13

    ततः शङ्खाश्च भेर्यश्च पणवानकगोमुखाः ।

    सहसैवाभ्यहन्यन्त स शब्दस्तुमुलोऽभवत् ॥

    tataḥ śaṅkhāśca bheryaśca paṇavānakagomukhāḥ |

    sahasaivābhyahanyanta sa śabdastumulo'bhavat ||

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    Then (following Bhishma), conches and kettledrums, tabors, drums and cow horns blared forth ite suddenly (from the Kaurava side) and the sound was tremendous.

  14. 14

    ततः श्वेतैर्हयैर्युक्ते महति स्यन्दने स्थितौ ।

    माधवः पाण्डवश्चैव दिव्यौ शङ्खौ प्रदध्मतुः ॥

    tataḥ śvetairhayairyukte mahati syandane sthitau |

    mādhavaḥ pāṇḍavaścaiva divyau śaṅkhau pradadhmatuḥ ||

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    Then, also, Madhava (Krishna) and the son of Pandu (Arjuna), seated in the magnificent chariot, yoked with white horses, blew divine conches.

  15. 15

    पाञ्चजन्यं हृषीकेशो देवदत्तं धनञ्जयः ।

    पौण्ड्रं दध्मौ महाशङ्खं भीमकर्मा वृकोदरः ॥

    pāñcajanyaṃ hṛṣīkeśo devadattaṃ dhanañjayaḥ |

    pauṇḍraṃ dadhmau mahāśaṅkhaṃ bhīmakarmā vṛkodaraḥ ||

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    Hrishikesha blew the Panchajanya and Arjuna blew the Devadatta and Bhima (the wolf-bellied), the doer of terrible deeds, blew the great conch Paundra.

  16. 16

    अनन्तविजयं राजा कुन्तीपुत्रो युधिष्ठिरः ।

    नकुलः सहदेवश्च सुघोषमणिपुष्पकौ ॥

    anantavijayaṃ rājā kuntīputro yudhiṣṭhiraḥ |

    nakulaḥ sahadevaśca sughoṣamaṇipuṣpakau ||

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    The king Yodhishthira, the son of Kunti, blew the Anantavijaya; Nakula and Sahadeva blew the Sughosha and the Manipushpaka.

  17. 17

    काश्यश्च परमेष्वासः शिखण्डी च महारथः ।

    धृष्टद्युम्नो विराटश्च सात्यकिश्चापराजितः ॥

    kāśyaśca parameṣvāsaḥ śikhaṇḍī ca mahārathaḥ |

    dhṛṣṭadyumno virāṭaśca sātyakiścāparājitaḥ ||

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    The king of Kasi, an exellent archer, Sikhandi, the mighty car-warrior, Dhrishtadyumna and Virata and Satyaki, the unconered.

  18. 18

    द्रुपदो द्रौपदेयाश्च सर्वशः पृथिवीपते ।

    सौभद्रश्च महाबाहुः शङ्खान्दध्मुः पृथक्पृथक् ॥

    drupado draupadeyāśca sarvaśaḥ pṛthivīpate |

    saubhadraśca mahābāhuḥ śaṅkhāndadhmuḥ pṛthakpṛthak ||

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    Drupada and the sons of Draupadi, O Lord of the earth, and the son of Subhadra, the mighty-armed, blew their conches separately.

  19. 19

    स घोषो धार्तराष्ट्राणां हृदयानि व्यदारयत् ।

    नभश्च पृथिवीं चैव तुमुलोऽभ्यनुनादयन् ॥

    sa ghoṣo dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṃ hṛdayāni vyadārayat |

    nabhaśca pṛthivīṃ caiva tumulo'bhyanunādayan ||

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    That tumultuous sound rent the hearts of (the members of) Dhritarashtra's party, making both the heaven and the earth resound.

  20. 20

    अथ व्यवस्थितान्दृष्ट्वा धार्तराष्ट्रान् कपिध्वजः ।

    प्रवृत्ते शस्त्रसम्पाते धनुरुद्यम्य पाण्डवः ॥

    atha vyavasthitāndṛṣṭvā dhārtarāṣṭrān kapidhvajaḥ |

    pravṛtte śastrasampāte dhanurudyamya pāṇḍavaḥ ||

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    Then, seeing the people of Dhritarashtra’s party standing arrayed and the discharge of weapons about to begin, Arjuna, the son of Pandu, whose ensign was a monkey, took up his bow and said the following to Krishna, O Lord of the earth.

  21. 21

    हृषीकेशं तदा वाक्यमिदमाह महीपते ।

    सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये रथं स्थापय मेऽच्युत ॥

    hṛṣīkeśaṃ tadā vākyamidamāha mahīpate |

    senayorubhayormadhye rathaṃ sthāpaya me'cyuta ||

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    Arjuna said In the middle between the two armies, place my chariot, O krishna, so that I may behold those who stand here desirous to fight, and know with whom I must fight, when the battle is about to commence.

  22. 22

    यावदेतान्निरीक्षेऽहं योद्धुकामानवस्थितान् ।

    कैर्मया सह योद्धव्यमस्मिन् रणसमुद्यमे ॥

    yāvadetānnirīkṣe'haṃ yoddhukāmānavasthitān |

    kairmayā saha yoddhavyamasmin raṇasamudyame ||

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    Arjuna said In the middle between the two armies, place my chariot, O krishna, so that I may behold those who stand here desirous to fight, and know with whom I must fight, when the battle is about to commence.

  23. 23

    योत्स्यमानानवेक्षेऽहं य एतेऽत्र समागताः ।

    धार्तराष्ट्रस्य दुर्बुद्धेर्युद्धे प्रियचिकीर्षवः ॥

    yotsyamānānavekṣe'haṃ ya ete'tra samāgatāḥ |

    dhārtarāṣṭrasya durbuddheryuddhe priyacikīrṣavaḥ ||

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    For I desire to observe those who are assembled here to fight, wishing to please in battle the evil-minded Duryodhana (the son of Dhritarashtra).

  24. 24

    एवमुक्तो हृषीकेशो गुडाकेशेन भारत ।

    सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये स्थापयित्वा रथोत्तमम् ॥

    evamukto hṛṣīkeśo guḍākeśena bhārata |

    senayorubhayormadhye sthāpayitvā rathottamam ||

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    Sanjaya said Thus addressed by Arjuna, Krishna, having stationed that best of chariots, O Dhritarashtra, in the midst of the two armies.

  25. 25

    भीष्मद्रोणप्रमुखतः सर्वेषां च महीक्षिताम् ।

    उवाच पार्थ पश्यैतान्समवेतान्कुरूनिति ॥

    bhīṣmadroṇapramukhataḥ sarveṣāṃ ca mahīkṣitām |

    uvāca pārtha paśyaitānsamavetānkurūniti ||

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    In front of Bhishma and Drona, and all the rulers of the earth, said: "O Arjuna (son of Pritha), behold these Kurus gathered together."

  26. 26

    तत्रापश्यत्स्थितान्पार्थः पितॄनथ पितामहान् ।

    आचार्यान्मातुलान्भ्रातॄन्पुत्रान्पौत्रान्सखींस्तथा ॥

    tatrāpaśyatsthitānpārthaḥ pitṝnatha pitāmahān |

    ācāryānmātulānbhrātṝnputrānpautrānsakhīṃstathā ||

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    Then, Arjuna (son of Pritha) saw there (in the armies) stationed, fathers and grandfathers, teachers, maternal uncles, brothers, sons, grandsons and friends too.

  27. 27

    श्वशुरान्सुहृदश्चैव सेनयोरुभयोरपि ।

    तान्समीक्ष्य स कौन्तेयः सर्वान्बन्धूनवस्थितान् ॥

    कृपया परयाविष्टो विषीदन्निदमब्रवीत् ।

    śvaśurānsuhṛdaścaiva senayorubhayorapi |

    tānsamīkṣya sa kaunteyaḥ sarvānbandhūnavasthitān ||

    kṛpayā parayāviṣṭo viṣīdannidamabravīt |

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    (He saw) fathers-in-law and friends also in both the armies. The son of Kunti, Arjuna, seeing all those kinsmen thus standing arrayed, spoke this, sorrowfully filled with deep pity.

  28. 28

    दृष्ट्वेमं स्वजनं कृष्ण युयुत्सुं समुपस्थितम् ॥

    dṛṣṭvemaṃ svajanaṃ kṛṣṇa yuyutsuṃ samupasthitam ||

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    Arjuna said Seeing these, my kinsmen, O krishna, arrayed, eager to fight.

  29. 29

    सीदन्ति मम गात्राणि मुखं च परिशुष्यति ।

    वेपथुश्च शरीरे मे रोमहर्षश्च जायते ॥

    sīdanti mama gātrāṇi mukhaṃ ca pariśuṣyati |

    vepathuśca śarīre me romaharṣaśca jāyate ||

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    My limbs fail and my mouth is parched, my body ivers and my hair stands on end.

  30. 30

    गाण्डीवं स्रंसते हस्तात्त्वक्चैव परिदह्यते ।

    न च शक्नोम्यवस्थातुं भ्रमतीव च मे मनः ॥

    gāṇḍīvaṃ sraṃsate hastāttvakcaiva paridahyate |

    na ca śaknomyavasthātuṃ bhramatīva ca me manaḥ ||

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    The (bow) Gandiva slips from my hand, and also my skins burns all over; I am unable even to stand and my mind is reeling, as it were.