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Then (following Bhishma), conches and kettledrums, tabors, drums and cow horns blared forth ite suddenly (from the Kaurava side) and the sound was tremendous.

Then conches and kettledrums, tabors, drums and horns all sounded at once, and the noise was tremendous.

Following Bhishma's signal, the whole Kaurava army takes up the sound. Sanjaya lists the instruments of war: conches, kettledrums, small drums, large drums and cow-horn trumpets, all struck at once. The word tumula describes a confused, overwhelming roar. The verse builds the atmosphere of the battlefield, loud and charged, before the narrative turns to the Pandava side. It also sets a contrast with the silence and inner struggle that will soon take hold of Arjuna in the middle of this noise.