Vers 13.21

कार्यकारणकर्तृत्वे हेतुः प्रकृतिरुच्यते ।

पुरुषः सुखदुःखानां भोक्तृत्वे हेतुरुच्यते ॥

13.21

Transliteration

kāryakāraṇakartṛtve hetuḥ prakṛtirucyate |

puruṣaḥ sukhaduḥkhānāṃ bhoktṛtve heturucyate ||

Von Sanskrit System · Maschineller Entwurf · @indic-transliteration/sanscript 1.3.3

Übersetzung

In the production of the effect and the cause, Nature (matter) is said to be the cause; in the experience of pleasure and pain, the soul is said to be the cause.

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Wort für Wort

in producing body and organs
the cause
nature
is said

the spirit
of pleasure and pain
in experiencing
the cause
is said

Von Sanskrit System · Maschineller Entwurf · claude-opus-5-5 · 2026-11-08

Erläuterung

Krishna divides the roles of the two principles. Nature is responsible for everything to do with doing: the body as effect, the senses and mind as instruments, and the very sense of being an agent. The person is responsible for experiencing, for being the one who feels pleasure and pain. This is a careful distinction. Action belongs to the field; awareness of it belongs to the knower. Many readers see here a key to the Gita's teaching on non-attachment: if one sees that doing happens through nature, one can act without the burden of thinking I alone am the doer.