Câu kệ 14.13

अप्रकाशोऽप्रवृत्तिश्च प्रमादो मोह एव च ।

तमस्येतानि जायन्ते विवृद्धे कुरुनन्दन ॥

14.13

Chuyển tự

aprakāśo'pravṛttiśca pramādo moha eva ca |

tamasyetāni jāyante vivṛddhe kurunandana ||

Bởi Sanskrit System · Bản nháp máy · @indic-transliteration/sanscript 1.3.3

Bản dịch

Darkness, inertness, heedlessness and delusion these arise when Tamas is predominant, O Arjuna.

Từ bảng tính của chủ trang · +1 nữa

Từng từ

darkness
inertia
and
heedlessness
delusion
also
and

when tamas
these
arise
increases
O joy of the Kurus

Bởi Sanskrit System · Bản nháp máy · claude-opus-5-5 · 2026-11-08

Giảng giải

When inertia (tamas) dominates, its signs are the reverse of clarity's: aprakāśa, lack of light or understanding; apravṛtti, inactivity or unwillingness to act; carelessness; and moha, delusion. The mind is clouded, motivation fails and judgement goes astray. It is worth noticing that Arjuna's state at the start of the dialogue had elements of tamas: confusion, the wish to withdraw from action and a clouded sense of duty. Read in this light, the whole teaching can be seen as an effort to lift him out of tamas into a clearer state.