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From Sattva arises knowledge, and greed from Rajas; heedlessness and delusion arise from Tamas, and also ignorance.

From clarity arises knowledge, and from passion, greed. Heedlessness and delusion arise from inertia, and ignorance too.

Krishna states plainly what each quality produces in the mind. Clarity (sattva) gives rise to knowledge; passion (rajas) to greed; inertia (tamas) to carelessness, delusion and ignorance. The verse echoes and condenses what has come before, a teaching method common in the Gita, where key points are repeated from different angles. Repetition helps Arjuna, and any listener, take the teaching in. It also makes clear that the qualities are known by their effects. One does not see sattva directly; one sees knowledge arising and infers clarity behind it.