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He who thus knows the Spirit and Matter together with the alities, in whatever condition he may be, he is not born again.

Whoever knows the person and nature together with its qualities in this way will not be born again, however he may be living.

Krishna states the fruit of this understanding. Whoever truly knows the person, and nature with its qualities, in the way just described, is not born again. The phrase however he may be living, sarvathā vartamāno'pi, is striking. It suggests that liberation does not depend on outward circumstances or on a particular way of life, but on knowledge. Some readers stress that such knowledge naturally brings right conduct with it; others emphasise that a person's outer role, whether warrior or hermit, does not decide freedom. For Arjuna, it means release is possible even on a battlefield.