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The fourfold caste has been created by Me according to the differentiation of Guna and Karma; though I am the author thereof know Me as non-doer and immutable.

The fourfold order was created by me according to the division of qualities and actions. Though I am its maker, know me to be the imperishable non-doer.

Krishna speaks of cāturvarṇya, the fourfold social order of the time, and says he created it according to guṇa and karma, qualities and actions. This verse has been read in very different ways. Some take it as describing a social order fixed by birth; many others stress that it names temperament and work, not birth, as the basis. Krishna then adds that though he made it, he is akartṛ, a non-doer, untouched by what he brings about. This prepares the teaching that action need not bind its doer.