Verse 9.32

मां हि पार्थ व्यपाश्रित्य येऽपि स्युः पापयोनयः ।

स्त्रियो वैश्यास्तथा शूद्रास्तेऽपि यान्ति परां गतिम् ॥

9.32

Transliteration

māṃ hi pārtha vyapāśritya ye'pi syuḥ pāpayonayaḥ |

striyo vaiśyāstathā śūdrāste'pi yānti parāṃ gatim ||

By Sanskrit System · Machine draft · @indic-transliteration/sanscript 1.3.3

Translation

For, taking refuge in Me, they also who, O Arjuna, may be of a sinful birth women, Vaisyas as well as Sudras attain the Supreme Goal.

From the owner's sheet · +1 more

Word by word

me
indeed
O Partha
taking refuge in
who
even
may be
of lowly birth

women
vaishyas
and also
shudras
they
too
attain
the supreme
goal

By Sanskrit System · Machine draft · claude-opus-5-5 · 2026-11-08

Explanation

Krishna says that all who take refuge in him reach the highest goal, including those of lowly birth, women, vaiśyas and śūdras. Traditions read the list differently, some taking those of lowly birth as a separate group and others as describing the groups that follow. The verse reflects the social hierarchy of its time, in which these groups were often excluded from Vedic learning and ritual. Its point in the dialogue is inclusive: devotion opens the highest goal to everyone, whatever birth or status society has assigned.