السنسكريتية

ततः शङ्खाश्च भेर्यश्च पणवानकगोमुखाः ।

सहसैवाभ्यहन्यन्त स शब्दस्तुमुलोऽभवत् ॥

1.13

النقحرة

tataḥ śaṅkhāśca bheryaśca paṇavānakagomukhāḥ |

sahasaivābhyahanyanta sa śabdastumulo'bhavat ||

بقلم Sanskrit System · مسودة آلية · @indic-transliteration/sanscript 1.3.3

الترجمة

Then (following Bhishma), conches and kettledrums, tabors, drums and cow horns blared forth ite suddenly (from the Kaurava side) and the sound was tremendous.

من جدول المالك · +1 أخرى

كلمة بكلمة

بقلم Sanskrit System · مسودة آلية · claude-opus-5-5 · 2026-11-08

الشرح

Following Bhishma's signal, the whole Kaurava army takes up the sound. Sanjaya lists the instruments of war: conches, kettledrums, small drums, large drums and cow-horn trumpets, all struck at once. The word tumula describes a confused, overwhelming roar. The verse builds the atmosphere of the battlefield, loud and charged, before the narrative turns to the Pandava side. It also sets a contrast with the silence and inner struggle that will soon take hold of Arjuna in the middle of this noise.

بقلم Sanskrit System · مسودة آلية · claude-opus-5-5 · 2026-11-08